In 1854, the Italian army officer Ignaz Porro created a monocular telescope with an erecting prism. This construction enabled the manufacturing of substantially smaller devices with a much larger field of view. At that time, the required precision workmanship and glass material were not up to the necessary standards. Only in 1893 it was possible for Ernst Abbe to create the first mass produced Porro-prism binocular with acceptable optical performance.







At the beginning of the 20th Century Moritz Hensold began working on a new prism system which, compared to the Porro-system was slimmer and enabled larger Objective diameters. This new Roof-system was patented in 1905. All binoculars created today are based on these two prism systems.







At the beginning of the 20th Century Moritz Hensold began working on a new prism system which, compared to the Porro-system was slimmer and enabled larger Objective diameters. This new Roof-system was patented in 1905. All binoculars created today are based on these two prism systems.







At the beginning of the 20th Century Moritz Hensold began working on a new prism system which, compared to the Porro-system was slimmer and enabled larger Objective diameters. This new Roof-system was patented in 1905. All binoculars created today are based on these two prism systems.







At the beginning of the 20th Century Moritz Hensold began working on a new prism system which, compared to the Porro-system was slimmer and enabled larger Objective diameters. This new Roof-system was patented in 1905. All binoculars created today are based on these two prism systems.







At the beginning of the 20th Century Moritz Hensold began working on a new prism system which, compared to the Porro-system was slimmer and enabled larger Objective diameters. This new Roof-system was patented in 1905. All binoculars created today are based on these two prism systems.







At the beginning of the 20th Century Moritz Hensold began working on a new prism system which, compared to the Porro-system was slimmer and enabled larger Objective diameters. This new Roof-system was patented in 1905. All binoculars created today are based on these two prism systems.







At the beginning of the 20th Century Moritz Hensold began working on a new prism system which, compared to the Porro-system was slimmer and enabled larger Objective diameters. This new Roof-system was patented in 1905. All binoculars created today are based on these two prism systems.

Eine vergleichende Darstellung eines erweitertem und normalen Sehfelds bei einem Fernglas

2.8 Der Augenpunkt (Brennpunkt des Okulars)

Mit ihm wird angegeben, wie weit entfernt sich das Auge von dem Okular befinden darf, ohne dass man den Blick auf das vollständige Sehfeld verliert. Der Augenabstand ist bei fast allen Ferngläsern durch umklappbare Gummiaugenmuscheln oder durch dreh- oder herausziehbare Augenmuscheln zu verändern. Somit können die Ferngläser mit diesen sogenannten „Brillenträger-Okularen“ auch von Brillenträgern genutzt werden. Wichtig dabei ist, dass bei diesen Okularen die Austrittspupille möglichst weit hinten gelagert ist (15-20 mm).

2.9 Das Sehfeld


Die Sehfeldgröße wird bei den meisten Ferngläsern (neben Vergrößerung und Objektiv-Durchmesser) ebenfalls auf dem Fernglaskörper abgedruckt. Die Größe des Sehfeldes wird in Europa meist in m auf 1000 m Entfernung oder ansonsten als Winkel angegeben. Hat ein Fernglas das Sehfeld von 101m/1000m so wird der Beobachter in 1000 m Entfernung ein 101 m breites oder rundes Sehfeld sehen.

Je höher die Vergrößerung desto kleiner ist das Sehfeld. Das Sehfeld kann aber durch besondere optische Konstruktionen (BRESSER SWA) erhöht werden. Bei Ferngläsern die keine besonderen Systeme (z.B. Spiegel-Prismen-System) besitzen, dennoch aber mit einem sehr hohen Sehfeld ausgestattet sind, kann zuweilen die Randschärfe „leiden“. Dieses lässt sich bei Beobachtungen von feinen durchgängigen Strukturen (Mauer oder Zaun) überprüfen, indem man die Schärfe von Rand zu Rand vergleicht (man muss bei der Prüfung gerade vor dem Beobachtungsobjekt stehen).Wird das Sehfeld in Grad angegeben, so kann durch multiplizieren mit 17,45 der entsprechende „Meter-Wert“ errechnet werden. Ein Sehfeld von 101 m entspricht somit 5,79 Grad.






At the beginning of the 20th Century Moritz Hensold began working on a new prism system which, compared to the Porro-system was slimmer and enabled larger Objective diameters. This new Roof-system was patented in 1905. All binoculars created today are based on these two prism systems.







At the beginning of the 20th Century Moritz Hensold began working on a new prism system which, compared to the Porro-system was slimmer and enabled larger Objective diameters. This new Roof-system was patented in 1905. All binoculars created today are based on these two prism systems.







At the beginning of the 20th Century Moritz Hensold began working on a new prism system which, compared to the Porro-system was slimmer and enabled larger Objective diameters. This new Roof-system was patented in 1905. All binoculars created today are based on these two prism systems.







At the beginning of the 20th Century Moritz Hensold began working on a new prism system which, compared to the Porro-system was slimmer and enabled larger Objective diameters. This new Roof-system was patented in 1905. All binoculars created today are based on these two prism systems.







At the beginning of the 20th Century Moritz Hensold began working on a new prism system which, compared to the Porro-system was slimmer and enabled larger Objective diameters. This new Roof-system was patented in 1905. All binoculars created today are based on these two prism systems.







At the beginning of the 20th Century Moritz Hensold began working on a new prism system which, compared to the Porro-system was slimmer and enabled larger Objective diameters. This new Roof-system was patented in 1905. All binoculars created today are based on these two prism systems.